Aluminium alloys thiab cov khoom siv aluminium feem ntau xav tau kev kho saum npoo kom tau raws li qhov xav tau sib txawv. Cov txheej txheem aluminium alloy nto kho xws li electroplating, txau, hlau kos duab, anode, sandblasting, passivation, polishing, oxide zaj duab xis kho, thiab lwm yam.
1. Sandblasting, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog kev tu kom zoo. Sandblasting ua ntej txau (txhaj tshuaj los yog txau) tuaj yeem ua rau lub ntsej muag roughness thiab pab txhim kho adhesion, tab sis qhov kev koom tes yog txwv, tsis zoo li ua ntej txheej txheej.
2. Xim: Muaj ob txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb rau xim xim txhuas: ib qho yog txhuas oxidation txheej txheem xim, thiab lwm yam yog txhuas electrophoretic xim txheej txheem. Ntau yam xim yog tsim los ntawm oxide zaj duab xis kom ua tau raws li qee qhov kev thov, xws li dub rau cov khoom siv kho qhov muag thiab kub rau khoom plig.
3. Conductive oxidation (chromate conversion film)-siv rau kev tiv thaiv thiab conductive zaus.
4. Tshuaj oxidation: Cov oxide zaj duab xis yog nyias, nrog ib tug tuab ntawm txog 0.5-4 microns, thiab yog ntxeem tau, mos, thiab muaj zoo adsorption zog. Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov txheej hauv qab ntawm cov organic coatings, tab sis nws cov hnav tsis kam thiab corrosion kuj tsis zoo ib yam li anodic oxide zaj duab xis;
Cov txheej txheem tshuaj oxidation ntawm txhuas thiab nws cov alloys tuaj yeem muab faib ua alkaline oxidation thiab acid oxidation raws li qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov tshuaj.
Raws li qhov xwm txheej ntawm zaj duab xis, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua: oxide zaj duab xis, phosphate zaj duab xis, chromate zaj duab xis, chromic acid-phosphate zaj duab xis.
5. Electrochemical oxidation, aluminium thiab aluminium alloy chemical oxidation kev kho cov cuab yeej yog yooj yim, yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam, siab ntau lawm efficiency, tsis muaj zog noj, daim ntawv thov dav, thiab tsis txwv los ntawm qhov loj thiab cov duab ntawm qhov chaw. Lub thickness ntawm oxide zaj duab xis yog hais txog 5-20 microns (lub thickness ntawm cov anodized zaj duab xis yuav ncav cuag 60-200 microns), siab hardness, zoo tshav kub tsis kam thiab rwb thaiv tsev, corrosion kuj siab tshaj tshuaj oxide zaj duab xis, thiab ntxeem tau. Zoo adsorption muaj peev xwm.
6. Txau: siv rau kev tiv thaiv sab nraud thiab kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm cov khoom siv, feem ntau yog ua los ntawm oxidation. Aluminium qhov chaw yuav tsum tau pretreated ua ntej tha xim, yog li ntawd lub txheej thiab lub workpiece yog ruaj khov ua ke. Feem ntau muaj peb txoj kev: 1. Phosphating (phosphate method) 2. Chromizing (chromium-free) 3. Tshuaj oxidation.
7. Anodizing: txheej txheem ntawm plating ib txheej nyias ntawm lwm cov hlau los yog alloys rau saum npoo ntawm qee cov hlau los ntawm kev siv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm electrolysis. Txhuam plating yog siv rau ib nrab plating lossis kho. Yob plating yog siv rau qhov me me xws li fasteners, washers, pins, thiab lwm yam. Los ntawm electroplating, zoo nkauj tiv thaiv thiab haumxeeb txheej txheej yuav tau ntawm txhua yam khoom. Nws tseem tuaj yeem kho cov khoom hnav thiab mishandled. Lub da dej muaj ib tug sib tov ntawm acidic, alkaline thiab nruab nrab chromium. Txawm hais tias siv cov txheej txheem txheej txheej, lub plating tank thiab ncua kev sib cuag nrog cov khoom siv electroplating thiab cov tshuaj electroplating yuav tsum muaj qee yam universality.
8. Tshuaj polishing yog ib txoj kev kho tshuaj uas siv txhuas thiab txhuas alloys los xaiv nws tus kheej-solve nyob rau hauv acid los yog alkaline electrolyte daws kom du nto ntawm polished nto kom txo nws nto roughness thiab pH. Txoj kev polishing muaj cov cuab yeej siv yooj yim, tsis muaj hluav taws xob, tsis muaj kev txwv ntawm qhov loj me, qhov nrawm nrawm, thiab cov nqi ua haujlwm tsawg. Lub purity ntawm txhuas thiab txhuas alloys muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo ntawm cov tshuaj polishing. Qhov siab dua qhov purity, qhov zoo dua qhov polishing zoo, thiab vice versa.
9. Passivation yog ib txoj hauv kev los hloov qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom siv aluminium rau hauv lub xeev uas tsis yooj yim rau oxidize thiab ua kom qeeb ntawm corrosion ntawm hlau.
Ib qho khoom siv hlau lossis hlau uas nws cov tshuaj ua haujlwm tau txo qis heev thiab dhau los ua cov hlau muaj txiaj ntsig, uas yog hu ua passivation.
Yog hais tias cov hlau xeb khoom vim qhov kev txiav txim ntawm qhov nruab nrab muaj ib tug tuab qauv, ib tug nyias zaj duab xis (feem ntau yog pom) yog tsim, uas zoo npog lub hlau nto, uas hloov ntawm qhov chaw lub xeev ntawm cov hlau, li no zoo heev ua lub electrode peev xwm ntawm cov hlau. Cov kev taw qhia zoo hloov pauv thiab dhau los ua lub xeev passive ntawm corrosion kuj. Piv txwv li, thaum Fe → Fe++, tus qauv peev xwm yog -0.44V, tom qab passivation, nws dhia mus rau +0.5 ~ 1V, qhia txog corrosion-resistant precious hlau ua tau zoo. Zaj movie no hu ua zaj yeeb yaj kiab.